Gorsky, Paul, et al. "The relationship between academic discipline and dialogic behavior in open university course forums." International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 11.2 (2010): 49-72.

This study aimed to explore the relationship between disciplinary differences (exact and natural sciences versus humanities) and dialogic behavior in Open University course forums. Dialogic behavior was assessed through students' and instructors' active participation (posting messages) and the levels of “teaching presence,” “cognitive presence,” and “social presence.” Results showed higher active participation in science forums compared to humanities forums. Additionally, the ratio of the three presences remained constant across different academic disciplines, group sizes, and course types.