Hui, Julie S., Matthew W. Easterday, and Elizabeth M. Gerber. "Distributed apprenticeship in online communities." Human–Computer Interaction 34.4 (2019): 328-378.

This study introduces the concept of "distributed apprenticeship" to describe how individuals in online informal workplace communities develop professional skills through the socio-technical affordances of these communities, without dedicated expert guidance. Based on a qualitative study of crowdfunding entrepreneurs, it illustrates how novices learn a variety of entrepreneurial skills by engaging with a distributed network of nonexperts within the community. The findings are generalized to other workplace contexts, offering design implications for online communities aimed at professional skill development with minimal formal guidance.