Preece, J.; Nonnecke, B.; Andrews, D. (2004). "The top five reasons for lurking: improving community experiences for everyone" (PDF). Computers in Human Behavior. 20 (2): 201–223. doi:10.1016/j.chb.2003.10.015.

"The Top Five Reasons for Lurking: Improving Community Experiences for Everyone" by Preece, Nonnecke, and Andrews examines the phenomenon of lurking in online communities, referring to passive participation without active contribution. The research identifies the top reasons why individuals choose to lurk, such as seeking information, observing social norms, and feeling uncertain or inexperienced. It discusses the implications of lurking for community experiences and offers recommendations for enhancing participation. Keywords: lurking, online communities, participation.