Riger’s (1993) article "What's wrong with empowerment?" critically examines the concept of empowerment, arguing that the term has become overused and lost its effectiveness in promoting social change. Trickett’s (1984) article "Towards a Distinctive Community Psychology" argues for an ecological metaphor for training and conducting research in community psychology. Zimmerman’s (2000) article "Empowerment Theory: Psychological, Organizational and Community Levels of Analysis" discusses the concept of empowerment and how it can be applied across different levels of analysis.
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Riger, S. (1993). What's wrong with empowerment? "American Journal of Community Psychology," 21(3), 279–292.
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