In "Reciprocal Irritations: Social Media, Mass Media, and the Public Sphere," Schrape (2017) argues that social media has created a new kind of public sphere, one that is shaped by the reciprocal irritations between mass media and social media. He posits that the dynamics between these two spheres are fundamentally different, with social media offering new opportunities for participation and engagement, but also posing challenges for traditional mass media organizations.
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Schrape, JF (2017). "Reciprocal irritations: Social media, mass media and the public sphere". Society, Regulation and Governance. New Modes of Shaping Social Change?. pp. 138–150. doi:10.4337/9781786438386.00016. ISBN 978-1-78643-838-6.
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