Zuckerman, Oren, Ina Blau, and Andrés Monroy-Hernández. "Children's participation patterns in online communities." Interdisciplinary Journal of E-Learning and Learning Objects 5.1 (2009): 263-274.

This study explores online participation and content contribution within the Scratch online community, focusing on Israeli learners. It identifies two distinct types of participation - "project creators" and "social participators" - highlighting different needs and gratification mechanisms within the community. The research finds that both groups receive gratification through community feedback, but the nature of this feedback varies: "project creators" get less feedback on their projects, whereas "social participators" receive more, likely because feedback is often exchanged among friends. Interestingly, no gender differences were observed in participation patterns or project complexity, indicating that Scratch successfully provides equal opportunities for all genders in terms of programming, learning, and community engagement.